Ubwoko bwa LED z'umweru: Inzira z'ingenzi za tekiniki za LED yera zo kumurika ni: ① LED y'ubururu + ubwoko bwa fosforasi; ②Ubwoko bwa LED ya RGB③ Umucyo wa Ultraviolet LED + ubwoko bwa fosforasi.

1. Itara ry'ubururu – Chip ya LED + ubwoko bwa fosforasi y'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi harimo n'ibikomoka kuri fosforasi by'amabara menshi n'ubundi bwoko.

Urusobe rw'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi rufata igice cy'urumuri rw'ubururu ruturuka kuri chip ya LED kugira ngo rukore photoluminescence. Ikindi gice cy'urumuri rw'ubururu ruturuka kuri chip ya LED cyoherezwa binyuze muri phosphor urwego ruhurira n'urumuri rw'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi rutangwa na phosphor ahantu hatandukanye mu mwanya. Amatara atukura, icyatsi kibisi n'ubururu avangavanze kugira ngo akore urumuri rwera; Muri ubu buryo, agaciro gakomeye k'uburyo bwo guhindura phosphor photoluminescence, kimwe mu bikorwa byo hanze bya quantum, ntikizarenga 75%; kandi igipimo ntarengwa cyo gukura urumuri muri chip gishobora kugera kuri 70% gusa. Kubwibyo, mu buryo bw'ubururu, urumuri rwera rw'ubwoko bw'ubururu Ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gutanga urumuri rwa LED ntibuzarenga 340 Lm/W. Mu myaka mike ishize, CREE yageze kuri 303Lm/W. Niba ibisubizo by'ibizamini ari ukuri, birakwiye kwishimirwa.

2. Uruvange rw'amabara atatu y'ibanze atukura, icyatsi kibisi n'ubururuUbwoko bwa RGB LEDharimoUbwoko bwa RGBW- LEDn'ibindi.

R-LED (umutuku) + G-LED (icyatsi kibisi) + B-LED (ubururu) diode eshatu zitanga urumuri zirahuzwa, kandi amabara atatu y'ibanze y'urumuri rutukura, icyatsi kibisi n'ubururu asohoka avangavanga mu kirere kugira ngo habeho urumuri rwera. Kugira ngo muri ubu buryo habeho urumuri rwera rukora neza cyane, mbere na mbere, LED z'amabara atandukanye, cyane cyane LED z'icyatsi kibisi, zigomba kuba isoko y'urumuri ikora neza. Ibi bigaragara ku kuba urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rugira hafi 69% by'urumuri rwera rwa "isoenergy". Kuri ubu, urumuri rw'ubururu n'umutuku rwa LEDs rwabaye rwinshi cyane, aho ubushobozi bw'imbere bwa quantum burenga 90% na 95% uko bikurikirana, ariko ubushobozi bw'imbere bwa quantum bwa LEDs z'icyatsi kibisi buri inyuma cyane. Iki kintu cyo gukoresha urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rwa LEDs zishingiye kuri GaN cyitwa "icyuho cy'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi." Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko LEDs z'icyatsi kibisi zitarabona ibikoresho byazo bya epitaxial. Ibikoresho bya phosphorus arsenic nitride series bifite ubushobozi buke cyane mu cyiciro cy'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi. Ariko, gukoresha ibikoresho by'umutuku cyangwa ubururu bya epitaxial mu gukora LED z'icyatsi kibisi bizakoreshwa mu gihe cy'ubucucike buke bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, kuko nta gutakaza phosphor, LED y'icyatsi kibisi ifite ubushobozi bwo kumurika kurusha urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rw'ubururu + phosphor. Byatangajwe ko ubushobozi bwayo bwo kumurika bugera kuri 291Lm/W munsi y'imiterere y'umuyoboro wa 1mA. Ariko, ubushobozi bwo kumurika bw'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi buterwa n'ingaruka za Droop bugabanuka cyane ku miyoboro minini. Iyo ubucucike bw'umuyoboro bw'amashanyarazi bwiyongera, ubushobozi bwo kumurika bugabanuka vuba. Ku muyoboro wa 350mA, ubushobozi bwo kumurika ni 108Lm/W. Mu gihe cy'imiterere ya 1A, ubushobozi bwo kumurika bugabanuka bugera kuri 66Lm/W.

Ku ngirabuzimafatizo zo mu itsinda rya gatatu, kohereza urumuri mu gice cy’icyatsi byabaye imbogamizi ikomeye ku buryo ibintu bikoreshwa. Guhindura imiterere ya AlInGaP kugira ngo itange icyatsi kibisi aho gutanga umutuku, umuhondo cyangwa umuhondo bituma habaho kutagira ingufu zihagije bitewe n’icyuho gito cy’ingufu mu buryo bw’ibintu, ibyo bigatuma habaho kugabanya imirasire neza.

Mu buryo bunyuranye, biragoye cyane kuri III-nitrides kugera ku musaruro mwiza, ariko ingorane ntizishoboka. Dukoresheje ubu buryo, twongera urumuri ku murongo w'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi, ibintu bibiri bizatera kugabanuka k'umusaruro ni: kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'inyuma wa quantum n'umusaruro w'amashanyarazi. Kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'inyuma wa quantum biterwa nuko nubwo icyuho cy'umurongo w'icyatsi kibisi kiri hasi, LED z'icyatsi kibisi zikoresha voltage ya GaN yo hejuru imbere, bigatuma igipimo cyo guhindura imbaraga kigabanuka. Ingorane ya kabiri ni uko LED y'icyatsi kibisi igabanuka uko ubucucike bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi bwiyongera kandi bugafatwa n'ingaruka za droop. Ingaruka za Droop zibaho no muri LED z'ubururu, ariko ingaruka zayo ziba nyinshi muri LED z'icyatsi kibisi, bigatuma imikorere y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi igabanuka. Ariko, hari ibitekerezo byinshi ku mpamvu z'ingaruka za droop, atari Auger recombination gusa - zirimo dislocation, carrier overflow cyangwa electron leakage. Icya nyuma cyongerwa n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi w'imbere ufite voltage nyinshi.

Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere y'urumuri rwa LED z'icyatsi kibisi: ku ruhande rumwe, iga uburyo bwo kugabanya ingaruka za Droop bitewe n'ibikoresho bya epitaxial bihari kugira ngo wongere imikorere y'urumuri; ku rundi ruhande, koresha uburyo bwa photoluminescence bwa LED z'ubururu na fosforasi z'icyatsi kibisi kugira ngo wohereze urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi. Ubu buryo bushobora kubona urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rukora neza cyane, mu buryo bw'imitekerereze rushobora kugera ku bushobozi bw'urumuri rurenze urumuri rw'umweru ruriho ubu. Ni urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rudahinduka, kandi kugabanuka k'ubuziranenge bw'amabara biterwa no kwaguka kwarwo kwa spectral ntibikwiye ku byerekana, ariko ntibikwiriye abantu basanzwe. Nta kibazo ku rumuri. Umurimo w'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi uboneka muri ubu buryo ushobora kuba urenze 340 Lm/W, ariko ntuzarenga 340 Lm/W nyuma yo guhuzwa n'urumuri rw'umweru. Icya gatatu, komeza ubushakashatsi kandi ushake ibikoresho byawe bya epitaxial. Gusa muri ubu buryo, hari icyizere. Mu kubona urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi ruri hejuru ya 340 Lm/w, urumuri rw'umweru ruhujwe n'amatara atatu y'ibanze y'umutuku, icyatsi kibisi n'ubururu rushobora kuba hejuru y'umusaruro ntarengwa wa 340 Lm/w w'amatara y'umweru yo mu bwoko bwa chip y'ubururu.

3. Itara rya Ultravioletchip + fosforasi eshatu z'amabara y'ibanze zitanga urumuri.

Inenge nyamukuru y’ubwoko bubiri bwa LED z’umweru bwavuzwe haruguru ni uko urumuri n’ubukonje bitangana mu buryo bungana. Umucyo wa ultraviolet ntushobora kubonwa n’ijisho ry’umuntu. Kubwibyo, nyuma y’uko urumuri rwa ultraviolet ruvuye muri chip, rutwarwa na phosphor eshatu z’ibanze mu gipfunyika, maze ruhinduka urumuri rwera bitewe n’ubukonje bwa phosphor, hanyuma rugashyirwa mu kirere. Iyi ni yo nyungu yayo ikomeye, kimwe n’amatara asanzwe ya fluorescent, ntabwo igira ubusumbane mu ibara ry’ahantu. Ariko, ubushobozi bw’urumuri rwa ultraviolet chip white light LED ntibushobora kuba hejuru y’agaciro k’urumuri rwa blue chip white, ndetse n’agaciro k’urumuri rwa RGB white. Ariko, binyuze mu iterambere rya phosphor y’amabara atatu y’ibanze ikoreshwa mu gushyushya ultraviolet gusa niho dushobora kubona LED z’umweru za ultraviolet zegeranye cyangwa zikora neza kurusha LED ebyiri z’umweru zavuzwe haruguru muri iki cyiciro. Uko LED z’ubururu za ultraviolet zegeranye niko zishobora kuba nyinshi. Uko ziba nini, LED z’umweru za UV zo mu bwoko bwa medium-wave na short-wave ntizishoboka.