Ubwoko bwera LED: Inzira nyamukuru tekinike ya LED yera yo kumurika ni: type Ubwoko bwa LED + fosifori;②Ubwoko bwa RGB LED;Ubwoko bwa Ultraviolet LED + ubwoko bwa fosifore.

1. Itara ry'ubururu - LED chip + ubwoko bwa fosifori y'umuhondo-icyatsi kibisi harimo ibikomoka kuri fosifori y'amabara menshi n'ubundi bwoko.

Fosifori yumuhondo-icyatsi kibisi ikuramo igice cyurumuri rwubururu kuva chip ya LED kugirango ikore Photoluminescence.Ikindi gice cyurumuri rwubururu ruva kuri chip ya LED rwanduzwa binyuze muri fosifore kandi rugahuza nurumuri rwumuhondo-icyatsi rutangwa na fosifore ahantu hatandukanye mumwanya.Amatara atukura, icyatsi nubururu avanze kugirango agire urumuri rwera;Muri ubu buryo, agaciro keza cyane ka fosifore Photoluminescence ihindura imikorere, imwe mumikorere ya kwant yo hanze, ntizarenga 75%;kandi igipimo ntarengwa cyo gukuramo urumuri kuri chip gishobora kugera kuri 70% gusa.Kubwibyo, mubyukuri, urumuri rwubwoko bwubururu Urumuri ntarengwa rwa LED rumurika ntirurenga 340 Lm / W.Mu myaka mike ishize, CREE yageze kuri 303Lm / W.Niba ibisubizo byikizamini ari ukuri, birakwiye kwishimira.

2. Umutuku, icyatsi nubururu bitatu byibanze bibaraUbwoko bwa RGB LEDshyiramoUbwoko bwa RGBW- LED, n'ibindi.

R-LED (umutuku) + G-LED (icyatsi) + B-LED (ubururu) diode eshatu zitanga urumuri zahujwe hamwe, kandi amabara atatu yibanze yumucyo utukura, icyatsi nubururu yasohotse avangwa mumwanya kugirango bibe byera urumuri.Kugirango habeho urumuri rwera rukora neza murubu buryo, mbere ya byose, LED yamabara atandukanye, cyane cyane icyatsi kibisi, igomba kuba isoko yumucyo.Ibi birashobora kugaragara ko urumuri rwatsi rufite hafi 69% y "urumuri rwera rwa isoenergy".Kugeza ubu, urumuri rumuri rwa LED nubururu n umutuku rwabaye rwinshi cyane, hamwe na kwant imbere yimbere irenga 90% na 95%, ariko kwimbere kwimbere kwicyatsi kibisi LED irasigaye inyuma cyane.Iki kintu cyerekana urumuri ruto rwicyatsi cya LED ishingiye kuri GaN yitwa "icyatsi kibisi."Impamvu nyamukuru nuko LED yicyatsi itarabona ibikoresho byabo bya epitaxial.Ibikoresho bya fosifore arsenic nitride yibikoresho bifite imikorere mike cyane murwego rwumuhondo-icyatsi kibisi.Nyamara, gukoresha ibikoresho bitukura cyangwa ubururu epitaxial kugirango ukore LED icyatsi kizaba Mugihe cyo munsi yubucucike buriho, kubera ko nta gutakaza fosifore ihinduka, icyatsi kibisi LED gifite urumuri rwinshi kuruta urumuri rwatsi + fosifori.Biravugwa ko imikorere yacyo yamurika igera kuri 291Lm / W munsi ya 1mA.Nyamara, imikorere yumucyo wicyatsi iterwa ningaruka ya Droop igabanuka cyane kumigezi minini.Iyo ubucucike buriho bwiyongereye, imikorere yumucyo igabanuka vuba.Kuri 350mA ikigezweho, imikorere yumucyo ni 108Lm / W.Mubihe 1A, imikorere yumucyo iragabanuka.kugeza kuri 66Lm / W.

Kubitsinda rya III fosifike, gusohora urumuri mumurongo wicyatsi byahindutse inzitizi yibanze kuri sisitemu yibintu.Guhindura ibice bya AlInGaP kugirango bisohore icyatsi aho kuba umutuku, orange cyangwa umuhondo bivamo kwifata bidahagije kubera icyuho gike ugereranije ningufu nkeya ya sisitemu yibikoresho, ibuza kwisubiramo neza.

Ibinyuranye, biragoye cyane kuri III-nitride kugera kubikorwa byiza, ariko ingorane ntizishobora kurenga.Ukoresheje iyi sisitemu, kwagura urumuri kumurongo wicyatsi kibisi, ibintu bibiri bizatera kugabanuka kwimikorere ni: kugabanuka kwimikorere ya kwant yo hanze no gukora amashanyarazi.Kugabanuka kwimikorere ya kwantani ituruka kukuba nubwo icyatsi kibisi icyuho kiri hasi, LED icyatsi kibisi ikoresha ingufu za GaN ndende cyane, bigatuma igipimo cyo guhindura amashanyarazi kigabanuka.Ikibi cya kabiri ni uko icyatsi LED kigabanuka uko ubucucike bwinshinge bwiyongera kandi bugafatwa ningaruka zitonyanga.Ingaruka ya Droop iboneka no muri LED yubururu, ariko ingaruka zayo nini muri LED yicyatsi kibisi, bigatuma imikorere isanzwe ikora neza.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, haribintu byinshi byibaza kubitera ingaruka zidasanzwe, ntabwo ari Auger recombination gusa - zirimo kwimurwa, gutwara ibintu cyangwa gutwara ibintu bya electron.Iheruka yongerewe imbaraga n'umuriro mwinshi w'amashanyarazi imbere.

Kubwibyo, inzira yo kunoza imikorere yumucyo wa LED yicyatsi: kuruhande rumwe, wige uburyo wagabanya ingaruka za Droop mugihe cyibikoresho bya epitaxial bihari kugirango urusheho gukora neza;kurundi ruhande, koresha fotoluminescence ihindura LED yubururu na fosifori yicyatsi kugirango utange urumuri rwatsi.Ubu buryo burashobora kubona urumuri rwinshi rwicyatsi kibisi, mubyukuri rushobora kugera kumucyo mwinshi kuruta urumuri rwera.Ntabwo ari urumuri rwicyatsi kibisi, kandi kugabanuka kwubururu bwibara ryatewe no kwaguka kwarwo ntabwo ari byiza kubyerekanwa, ariko ntibikwiye kubantu basanzwe.Nta kibazo cyo gucana.Icyatsi kibisi kiboneka muri ubu buryo gifite amahirwe yo kuba arenze 340 Lm / W, ariko ntikizarenga 340 Lm / W nyuma yo guhuza n’umucyo wera.Icya gatatu, komeza ubushakashatsi ushake ibikoresho byawe bya epitaxial.Gusa Muri ubu buryo, hariho urumuri rw'icyizere.Kubona urumuri rwatsi ruri hejuru ya 340 Lm / w, itara ryera rihujwe namabara atatu yibanze LED yumutuku, icyatsi nubururu birashobora kuba hejuru kurenza urugero rwa 340 Lm / w yumucyo wubwoko bwamatara yera LED .W.

3. Ultraviolet LEDchip + amabara atatu yibanze ya fosifore asohora urumuri.

Inenge nyamukuru yibintu bibiri byavuzwe haruguru byera LED ni ikwirakwizwa ryumwanya utangana wumucyo na chromaticity.Umucyo Ultraviolet ntushobora kubonwa nijisho ryumuntu.Kubwibyo, nyuma yumucyo ultraviolet uvuye muri chip, winjizwa na fosifori eshatu yibanze yibara murwego rwo gupakira, hanyuma ugahinduka urumuri rwera na Photoluminescence ya fosifore, hanyuma ikoherezwa mumwanya.Iyi ninyungu nini cyane, kimwe n'amatara gakondo ya fluorescent, ntabwo ifite ibara ryumwanya utaringaniye.Nyamara, urumuri rwerekana urumuri rwa ultraviolet chip yumucyo wera LED ntishobora kuba hejuru kurenza agaciro ka theoretical yumucyo wera wera, tutibagiwe nagaciro kerekana urumuri rwa RGB.Ariko, gusa binyuze mugutezimbere-gukora cyane-bitatu-byibanze byamabara ya fosifori akwiranye no gushimishwa na ultraviolet dushobora kubona LED yera ya ultraviolet yegeranye cyangwa ikora neza kuruta LED ebyiri zera zavuzwe haruguru muriki cyiciro.Hafi yubururu ultraviolet LEDs, birashoboka cyane.Ninini nini, iringaniye-nini na UV-ngufi ya UV yera ntabwo bishoboka.